Article

Dispute About the Denied (munkar) in the Qalandar Ghazal by Majdud Sanai “Good Handsome Men Live in Our Backstreet”

русская версия

DOI https://doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2023-6-2-271-288
Authors
Affiliation: Институт философии РАН
Magazine
Sections PHILOSOPHY OF THE EAST. Philosophical Anthropology, Philosophy of Culture
Pages 271 - 288
Annotation

The paper, based on the commented translation of a previously unstudied ghazal by Majdud Sanai “Good Handsome Men Live in Our Backstreet”, deals with the issue of an act's Ethical assessment variability in the Persian classical Suϐism. The study used the methods of textual reconstruction, contextual analysis, as well as descriptive method, for a brief review of Majdud Sanai's creativity layer and its signiϐicance for Islamic mysticism. It was found, that assigning a person's status as a moral assessment subject, leads Sanai to the assertion of moral relativism. The elevation of all actions to a single agent — the God — deprives a person of the right to a moral assessment and makes him unfaithful if he expresses it. 

Keywords:
Download PDF Download JATS
Bibliography:
  1. Alontsev M. “I Put on my Khirqah to Become a Sufi”: The Malāmatiyya Movement and the Construction of Sufi History in the Writings of the 10–13 Centuries. Islamology. 2020. Vol. 10. Issue 1, pp. 9–28 (in Russian).
  2. Islam: Encyclopedic dictionary. Moscow: Nauka, 1991 (in Russian).
  3. Kazarian A. T. Evil. Orthodox Encyclopedia (in Russian). — Электронный ресурс: URL: https://www. pravenc.ru/text/199913.html (дата обращения: 20.02.2023).
  4. Коран. Пер. с араб. и коммент. М.-Н. О. Османова. Москва: Ладомир; Восточная литература, 1995. 582 с. («Исламская библиотека»; “Ex Oriente Lux”).
  5. Korneeva T. G. Nasir Khusraw and His Philosophy. Ed. by A. V. Smirnov, N. Yu. Chalisova. Moscow: Sadra, 2021. 224 p. (in Russian).
  6. Korneeva T. G. Nasir Khusraw: Biography and Creative Work of the Ismaili Philosopher. Philosophy and Culture. 2015. No. 6, pp. 830–842 (in Russian).
  7. Lukashev A. A. “Medieval BLM”: Black Face in Persian Sufi Poetry. Oriental Studies. 2023. Vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 222–231 (in Russian).
  8. Lukashev A. A. Interpretation of the Idea of Monotheism in the Chapter on the Oneness of the Almighty God from the Poem by Majdud Sanai “The Garden of the Truth”. Vestnik PSTGU (Pravoslavnogo Sviato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta). Ser. I: Bogoslovie. Filosofiia. Religiovedenie. 2021. Vol. 98, pp. 117– 136 (in Russian).
  9. Lukashev A. A. Interpretation of Ruba‘iat: Acquaintance with the Philosophy of ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Jami. Islam in the Modern World. 2018;14(3):115–130 (in Russian).
  10. Lukashev A. A. Majdud Sanae and “The Tanzih Chapter” from his poem “The Garden of the Truth…”. Vostok. (Oriens). 2022. No. 5, pp. 240–252.
  11. Lukashev A. A. A World of Mystery in a Few Words. Philosophy of Mahmud Shabistari in the Context of His Epoch. Ed. by A. Smirnov. Moscow: Sadra, 2020. 320 p. (in Russian).
  12. Nasyrov I. R. Foundations of Islamic mysticism. Moscow: Sadra, 2023. 552 p. (in Russian).
  13. Reisner M. L. Medieval City in the Secret Language of Persian Poetry (11th — 14th cent.): Social and Confessional Vocabulary. Cultural-Historical Paradigm and Language Processes. Eds: V. Ya. Porhomovsky and N. N. Semenyuk. Moscow — Kaluga: 2011, pp. 91–127.
  14. Reisner M. L. The Evolution of the Classical Ghazal in Farsi (10th — 14th centuries). Moscow: Nauka, 1989. 224 p. (in Russian).
  15. Seyyed Muhammad Khāmene’ī. Time and Temporal. Ishraq. Islamic philosophy yearbook. No. 1. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Сultures, 2010, pp. 105–112 (in Russian).
  16. Smirnov A. V. Vsechelovecheskoye versus Obshechelovecheskoye. Moscow: Languages of Slavic Сultures, 2019. 216 p. (in Russian).
  17. Trimingham J. S. The Sufi Orders in Islam. Transl. from the Engl. By A. A. Staviskaya; ed., preface by O. F. Akimushkin. Moscow: Sofiya; Gelios, 2002. 480 p. (in Russian).
  18. Fedorova Yu. E. A Pilligrimage to Knowledge: an Experience of Philosophical Interpretation of the Masnawi by Farid al-Din Attar “Mantiq al-Tair”. Ed. by A. V. Smirnov, L. G. Lahuti. Moscow: Sadra, 2023. 228 p. (in Russian).
  19. Khohlov M. Measures of Weight of Bukhara Emirate in the End of 18th — beginning of 20th cent. Vestnik RGGU (Bulletin of the Russian State University for the Humanities). Ser. History, Philology, Cultural Studies. 2010;7(50):192–210 (in Russian).
  20. Attar, Farid al-Din. Book of Sorrow. Preface, critical edition by Muhammad-Riza Shafii-Kadkani. Tehran: Sohan, 1386. 957 p. (in Persian).
  21. Abd al-Jabbar. Commentary on the Five Fundamentals. Cairo: Maktaba wahba, 1996. 830 p. (in Arabic).
  22. Alawi Muqaddam M. Commentary on the Haj Ghazal by Hakim Sanai, Based on The Theory of Multiplicity of Meaning and the Hermeneutical Approach. A Praise to Sanaʼi: Proceedings of Hakim Sanai international conference. Ed. by M. Husayni. Tehran: Danishgah-i az-Zahra: Hana-i kitab, 1388. 888 p. (in Persian).
  23. al-Jishshami. Commentary on the Sources of Questions and Answers. Moscow: Sadra, 2021. 776 p. (in Arabic).
  24. Anderson R. M. The Effect of Factionalism on Jewish Persecution: How the Conflict between Bernard of Clairvaux’s Cistercian Order and Peter Abelard’s Scholasticism Contributed to the Equating of Jews with Heretics. (Under the direction of Dr. Julie Mell.) A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts. Raleigh, North Carolina: 2016.
  25. Blois F. C. de. “Zindīḳ”. Encyclopédie de l’Islam. First published online: 2010. — Электронный ресурс: URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004206106_ eifo_COM_1389. (accessed: 10.07.2023).
  26. De Bruijn J. T. P. Of Piety and Poetry. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1983.
  27. De Jong I. J. F. Malamatiyya. Encyclopaedia of Islam. CD-ROM edition. V. 1.0. Leiden: Brill, w. d.
  28. Encyclopedia of Islamic civilization and religion. Ed. by I. R. Netton. London — New York: Routledge, 2008.
  29. Hoseyni S., Niri M. The Cultural Role of Sanaʼi in the Field of Qalandar Poetry (Based on His Qasa’id). Journal of Poetry Studies (Boostan Adab). Shiraz: Danishgah-i Shiraz, 1400, pp. 133–156 (in Persian).
  30. Massignon L. “Zindīḳ”. Encyclopaedia of Islam. First ed. (1913–1936). Eds: M. Th. Houtsma, T. W. Arnold, R. Basset, R. Hartmann. First published online: 2012. — Available from: URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2214-871X_ei1_ SIM_6098. (accessed: 10.07.2023).
  31. Sajadi Sayyid Jafar. Dictionary of mystic terms and interpretations. Tehran: Kitabhana-i Tahuri, 1378. 814 p. (in Persian).
  32. Sanaʼi, Abu al-Majd Majdud Ibn Adam. The Garden of Truth and The Path to Trek. Critical edition by Mudarris Rizawi. Tehran, 1374 [1995. 956 p. (in Persian).
  33. Shafiʻi-Kadkani, Muhammad-Riza. At the Illumination District: A Commentary to Several Ghazal by Hakim Sanaʼi Ghaznawi. Tehran: Muʼassasa-i Intisharat-i Agah, 1385. 300 p. (in Persian).
  34. Shafiʻi-Kadkani, Muhammad-Riza. Weeps of the Way. Review and Analysis of several qasidah by Hakim Sanaʼi. Tehran: Muʼassasa-i Intisharat-i Agah, 1372 [1993. 544 p. (in Persian).
For citations: Лукашев А.А. Спор о порицаемом (мункар) в каландарской газели Мадждуда Санаи «В нашем переулке живут добрые красавцы». Ориенталистика. 2023; т. 6, 2: 271-288